Public Domain Status

other ยท first published 1916

The Russian School of Painting (1916), Alexandre Benois

Work with a publication date of 1916 and creator life dates recorded in Wikidata.

Public domain in the United States

Direct answer

Status by jurisdiction

United States: Public domain since 2012-01-01 (1 January 2012), under us-published-maximum-term-expired.

United Kingdom: In copyright. The calculated public-domain date is 2031-01-01 (1 January 2031), in 4 years and 3 months, under uk-life-70.

European Union: In copyright. The calculated public-domain date is 2031-01-01 (1 January 2031), in 4 years and 3 months, under eu-life-70.

Canada: Public domain since 2011-01-01 (1 January 2011), under ca-non-revival-life-50.

Australia: In copyright. The calculated public-domain date is 2031-01-01 (1 January 2031), in 4 years and 3 months, under au-life-70.

Japan: Public domain since 2011-01-01 (1 January 2011), under jp-non-revival-life-50.

JurisdictionStatusPublic domain dateConfidence
United StatesPublic domain2012-01-01derived
United KingdomIn copyright2031-01-01derived
European UnionIn copyright2031-01-01derived
CanadaPublic domain2011-01-01derived
AustraliaIn copyright2031-01-01derived
JapanPublic domain2011-01-01derived

Rule trace

How we got there

United Statesus-published-maximum-term-expired
  1. The work was first published in 1916.
  2. Even if every available extension or restoration applied, the maximum 95-year publication term has ended.
  3. The public domain date is 2012-01-01 (1 January 2012).

Source: U.S. Copyright Office, Duration of Copyright

United Kingdomuk-life-70
  1. The last relevant creator died in 1960.
  2. The life plus 70-year term gives 2031-01-01 (1 January 2031).

Source: UK Intellectual Property Office, duration of copyright

European Unioneu-life-70
  1. The last relevant creator died in 1960.
  2. The life plus 70-year term gives 2031-01-01 (1 January 2031).

Source: EUR-Lex, Directive 2006/116/EC

Canadaca-non-revival-life-50
  1. The last relevant creator died in 1960.
  2. The work had already entered the public domain before the 2022 term extension and was not revived.
  3. The public domain date is 2011-01-01 (1 January 2011).

Source: Government of Canada, Copyright Act

Australiaau-life-70
  1. The last relevant creator died in 1960.
  2. The life plus 70-year term applies.
  3. The public domain date is 2031-01-01 (1 January 2031).

Source: National Library of Australia, copyright duration

Japanjp-non-revival-life-50
  1. The last relevant creator died in 1960.
  2. The former term had expired before the 2018 extension and was not revived.
  3. The public domain date is 2011-01-01 (1 January 2011).

Source: Japan Agency for Cultural Affairs, term extension questions

Practical scope

What this result does and does not cover

  • A public domain result supports reuse of the original expression covered by this record in the named jurisdiction.
  • Check translations, editions, arrangements, performances, recordings, restorations, artwork and adaptations separately.
  • Trademark, moral rights, privacy, publicity, contract and cultural heritage rules can still apply.

Evidence

Sources